September 7

September 7 is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 115 days remaining until the end of the year.

<<	September					>>
Su	Mo	Tu	We	Th	Fr	Sa
01	02	03	04	05	06	07
08	09	10	11	12	13	14
15	16	17	18	19	20	21
22	23	24	25	26	27	28
29	30
2019

September 7 in recent years

2018 (Friday)

2017 (Thursday)

2016 (Wednesday)

2015 (Monday)

2014 (Sunday)

2013 (Saturday)

2012 (Friday)

2011 (Wednesday)

2010 (Tuesday)

2009 (Monday)

Events

• AD 70 – A Roman army under Titus occupies and plunders Jerusalem.
• 878 – Louis the Stammerer is crowned as king of West Francia by Pope John VIII.
• 1159 – Pope Alexander III is chosen.
• 1191 – Third Crusade: Battle of Arsuf: Richard I of England defeats Saladin at Arsuf.
• 1228 – Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II lands in Acre, Israel, and starts the Sixth Crusade, which results in a peaceful restoration of the Kingdom of Jerusalem.^[1]
• 1303 – Guillaume de Nogaret takes Pope Boniface VIII prisoner on behalf of Philip IV of France.
• 1571 – Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, is arrested for his role in the Ridolfi plot to assassinate Queen Elizabeth I of England and replace her with Mary, Queen of Scots.
• 1652 – Around 15,000 Han farmers and militia rebel against Dutch rule on Taiwan.
• 1695 – Henry Every perpetrates one of the most profitable pirate raids in history with the capture of the Grand Mughal ship Ganj-i-Sawai. In response, Emperor Aurangzeb threatens to end all English trading in India.
• 1706 – War of the Spanish Succession: Siege of Turin ends, leading to the withdrawal of French forces from North Italy.
• 1764 – Election of Stanisław August Poniatowski as the last ruler of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
• 1776 – According to American colonial reports, Ezra Lee makes the world's first submarine attack in the Turtle, attempting to attach a time bomb to the hull of HMS Eagle in New York Harbor (no British records of this attack exist).
• 1778 – American Revolutionary War: France invades Dominica in the British West Indies, before Britain is even aware of France's involvement in the war.
• 1812 – French invasion of Russia: The Battle of Borodino, the bloodiest battle of the Napoleonic Wars, was fought near Moscow and resulted in a French victory.
• 1818 – Carl III of Sweden–Norway is crowned king of Norway, in Trondheim.
• 1822 – Dom Pedro I declares Brazil independent from Portugal on the shores of the Ipiranga Brook in São Paulo.
• 1857 – Mountain Meadows massacre: Mormon settlers slaughter most members of peaceful, emigrant wagon train.
• 1860 – Italian unification: Giuseppe Garibaldi enters Naples.
• 1863 – American Civil War: Union troops under Quincy A. Gillmore captures Fort Wagner in Morris Island after a 7-week siege.
• 1864 – American Civil War: Atlanta is evacuated on orders of Union General William Tecumseh Sherman.
• 1876 – In Northfield, Minnesota, Jesse James and the James–Younger Gang attempt to rob the town's bank but are driven off by armed citizens.
• 1901 – The Boxer Rebellion in Qing dynasty (modern-day China) officially ends with the signing of the Boxer Protocol.
• 1906 – Alberto Santos-Dumont flies his 14-bis aircraft at Bagatelle, France for the first time successfully.
• 1907 – Cunard Line's RMS Lusitania sets sail on her maiden voyage from Liverpool, England, to New York City.
• 1909 – Eugène Lefebvre crashes a new French-built Wright biplane during a test flight at Juvisy, south of Paris, becoming the first aviator in the world to lose his life in a powered heavier-than-air craft.
• 1911 – French poet Guillaume Apollinaire is arrested and put in jail on suspicion of stealing the Mona Lisa from the Louvre museum.
• 1916 – US federal employees win the right to Workers' compensation by Federal Employers Liability Act (39 Stat. 742; 5 U.S.C. 751)
• 1920 – Two newly purchased Savoia flying boats crash in the Swiss Alps en route to Finland where they would serve with the Finnish Air Force, killing both crews.
• 1921 – In Atlantic City, New Jersey, the first Miss America Pageant, a two-day event, is held.
• 1921 – The Legion of Mary, the largest apostolic organization of lay people in the Catholic Church, is founded in Dublin, Ireland.
• 1923 – The International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL) is formed.
• 1927 – The first fully electronic television system is achieved by Philo Farnsworth.
• 1929 – Steamer Kuru capsizes and sinks on Lake Näsijärvi near Tampere in Finland. One hundred thirty-six lives are lost.
• 1932 – The Battle of Boquerón, the first major battle of the Chaco War, commences.
• 1936 – The last thylacine, a carnivorous marsupial named Benjamin, dies alone in its cage at the Hobart Zoo in Tasmania.
• 1940 – Romania returns Southern Dobruja to Bulgaria under the Treaty of Craiova.
• 1940 – World War II: The German Luftwaffe begins the Blitz, bombing London and other British cities for over 50 consecutive nights.
• 1942 – World War II: Japanese marines are forced to withdraw during the Battle of Milne Bay.
• 1943 – A fire at the Gulf Hotel in Houston kills 55 people.
• 1943 – World War II: The German 17th Army begins its evacuation of the Kuban bridgehead (Taman Peninsula) in southern Russia and moves across the Strait of Kerch to the Crimea.
• 1945 – World War II: Japanese forces on Wake Island, which they had held since December of 1941, surrender to U.S. Marines.
• 1945 – The Berlin Victory Parade of 1945 is held.
• 1953 – Nikita Khrushchev is elected first secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
• 1963 – The Pro Football Hall of Fame opens in Canton, Ohio with 17 charter members.
• 1965 – During an Indo-Pakistani War, China announces that it will reinforce its troops on the Indian border.
• 1965 – Vietnam War: In a follow-up to August's Operation Starlite, United States Marines and South Vietnamese forces initiate Operation Piranha on the Batangan Peninsula.
• 1970 – Fighting begins between Arab guerrillas and government forces in Jordan.
• 1977 – The Torrijos–Carter Treaties between Panama and the United States on the status of the Panama Canal are signed. The United States agrees to transfer control of the canal to Panama at the end of the 20th century.
• 1977 – The 300-metre-tall CKVR-DT transmission tower in Barrie, Ontario, Canada, is hit by a light aircraft in a fog, causing it to collapse. All aboard the aircraft are killed.
• 1978 – While walking across Waterloo Bridge in London, Bulgarian dissident Georgi Markov is assassinated by Bulgarian secret police agent Francesco Gullino by means of a ricin pellet fired from a specially-designed umbrella.
• 1979 – The Chrysler Corporation asks the United States government for US$1.5 billion to avoid bankruptcy.
• 1984 – An explosion on board a Maltese patrol boat disposing of illegal fireworks at sea off Gozo kills seven soldiers and policemen.
• 1986 – Desmond Tutu becomes the first black man to lead the Anglican Diocese of Cape Town.
• 1988 – Abdul Ahad Mohmand, the first Afghan in space, returns to Earth after nine days on the Mir space station.
• 1996 – Rapper and hip hop artist Tupac Shakur is fatally shot in a drive-by shooting in Las Vegas, Nevada. He succumbs to his injuries 6-days later.
• 1997 – Maiden flight of the Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor.
• 1999 – The 6.0 M_w  Athens earthquake affected the area with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent), killing 143, injuring 800–1,600, and leaving 50,000 homeless.
• 2005 – Egypt holds its first-ever multi-party presidential election.
• 2008 – The United States government takes control of the two largest mortgage financing companies in the US, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
• 2010 – A Chinese fishing trawler collided with two Japanese Coast Guard patrol boats in disputed waters near the Senkaku Islands.
• 2011 – A plane crash in Russia kills 43 people, including nearly the entire roster of the Lokomotiv Yaroslavl Kontinental Hockey League team.
• 2012 – Canada officially cuts diplomatic ties with Iran by closing its embassy in Tehran and orders the expulsion of Iranian diplomats from Ottawa, over nuclear plans and purported human rights abuses.
• 2017 – The 8.2 M_w  2017 Chiapas earthquake strikes southern Mexico, killing at least 60 people.
• 2017 – Equifax announced a cyber-crime identity theft event potentially impacting approximately 145​¹⁄₂ million U.S. consumers.

Births

• 923 – Suzaku, emperor of Japan (d. 952)
• 1395 – Reginald West, 6th Baron De La Warr, English politician (d. 1427)
• 1438 – Louis II, Landgrave of Lower Hesse (d. 1471)
• 1448 – Henry, Count of Württemberg-Montbéliard (1473–1482) (d. 1519)
• 1500 – Sebastian Newdigate, Carthusian monk and martyr (d. 1535)
• 1524 – Thomas Erastus, Swiss physician and theologian (d. 1583)
• 1533 – Elizabeth I of England (d. 1603)
• 1629 – Sir John Perceval, 1st Baronet, Irish nobleman (d. 1665)^[2]
• 1635 – Paul I, Prince Esterházy, Hungarian prince (d. 1713)
• 1641 – Tokugawa Ietsuna, Japanese shōgun (d. 1680)
• 1650 – Juan Manuel María de la Aurora, 8th duke of Escalona (d. 1725)
• 1683 – Maria Anna of Austria (d. 1754)
• 1694 – Johan Ludvig Holstein-Ledreborg, Danish Minister of State (d. 1763)
• 1705 – Matthäus Günther, German painter (d. 1788)
• 1707 – Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, French mathematician, cosmologist, and author (d. 1788)
• 1726 – François-André Danican Philidor, French chess player and composer (d. 1795)
• 1740 – Johan Tobias Sergel, Swedish sculptor and illustrator (d. 1814)
• 1777 – Heinrich Stölzel, German horn player and composer (d. 1844)
• 1791 – Giuseppe Gioachino Belli, Italian poet and author (d. 1863)
• 1795 – John William Polidori, English physician and author (d. 1821)
• 1801 – Sarel Cilliers, South African preacher and activist (d.1871)
• 1807 – Henry Sewell, English lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1879)
• 1810 – Hermann Heinrich Gossen, Prussian economist and academic (d. 1858)
• 1813 – Emil Korytko, Polish activist and translator (d. 1839)
• 1815 – John McDouall Stuart, Scottish explorer and surveyor (d. 1866)
• 1818 – Thomas Talbot, American businessman and politician, 31st Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1886)
• 1819 – Thomas A. Hendricks, American lawyer and politician, 21st Vice President of the United States (d. 1885)
• 1829 – August Kekulé, German chemist and academic (d. 1896)
• 1831 – Alexandre Falguière, French sculptor and painter (d. 1900)
• 1836 – Henry Campbell-Bannerman, Scottish merchant and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1908)
• 1836 – August Toepler, German physicist and academic (d. 1912)
• 1842 – Johannes Zukertort, Polish-English chess player, linguist, and journalist (d. 1888)
• 1851 – Edward Asahel Birge, American zoologist and academic (d. 1950)
• 1855 – William Friese-Greene, English photographer, director, and cinematographer (d. 1921)
• 1860 – Grandma Moses, American painter (d. 1961)
• 1862 – Edgar Speyer, American-English financier and philanthropist (d. 1932)
• 1866 – Tristan Bernard, French author and playwright (d. 1947)
• 1867 – Albert Bassermann, German-Swiss actor (d. 1952)
• 1867 – J. P. Morgan Jr., American banker and philanthropist (d. 1943)
• 1869 – Ben Viljoen, South African general (d. 1917)
• 1870 – Aleksandr Kuprin, Russian pilot, explorer, and author (d. 1938)
• 1871 – George Hirst, English cricketer and coach (d. 1954)
• 1875 – Edward Francis Hutton, American businessman and financier, co-founded E. F. Hutton & Co. (d. 1962)
• 1876 – Francesco Buhagiar, Maltese politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Malta (d. 1934)
• 1876 – C. J. Dennis, Australian poet and author (d. 1938)
• 1883 – Theophrastos Sakellaridis, Greek composer and conductor (d. 1950)
• 1885 – Elinor Wylie, American author and poet (d. 1928)
• 1887 – Edith Sitwell, English poet and critic (d. 1964)
• 1892 – Eric Harrison, Australian soldier and politician, 27th Australian Minister for Defence (d. 1974)
• 1892 – Oscar O'Brien, Canadian priest, pianist, and composer (d. 1958)
• 1893 – Leslie Hore-Belisha, English politician, Secretary of State for War (d. 1957)
• 1894 – Vic Richardson, Australian cricketer, footballer, and sportscaster (d. 1969)
• 1894 – George Waggner, American actor, director, and producer (d. 1984)
• 1895 – Jacques Vaché, French author and poet (d. 1919)
• 1900 – Taylor Caldwell, English-American author (d. 1985)
• 1900 – Giuseppe Zangara, Italian-American assassin of Anton Cermak (d. 1933)
• 1903 – Margaret Landon, American missionary and author (d. 1993)
• 1903 – Dorothy Marie Donnelly, American poet and author (d. 1994)
• 1904 – C. B. Colby, American author (d. 1977)
• 1907 – Ahmed Adnan Saygun, Turkish composer and musicologist (d. 1991)
• 1908 – Paul Brown, American football player and coach (d. 1991)
• 1908 – Michael E. DeBakey, American surgeon and educator (d. 2008)
• 1908 – Max Kaminsky, American trumpet player and bandleader (d. 1994)
• 1909 – Elia Kazan, Greek-American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2003)
• 1911 – Todor Zhivkov, Bulgarian police officer and politician, Head of State of Bulgaria (d. 1998)
• 1912 – David Packard, American engineer and businessman, co-founded Hewlett-Packard (d. 1996)
• 1913 – Martin Charteris, Baron Charteris of Amisfield, English soldier and courtier (d. 1999)
• 1913 – Anthony Quayle, English actor (d. 1989)
• 1914 – Lída Baarová, Czech-Austrian actress (d. 2000)
• 1914 – Graeme Bell, Australian pianist and composer (d. 2012)
• 1914 – James Van Allen, American physicist and philosopher (d. 2006)
• 1915 – Pedro Reginaldo Lira, Argentinian bishop (d. 2012)
• 1915 – Kiyosi Itô, Japanese mathematician and academic (d. 2008)
• 1917 – Leonard Cheshire, English captain, pilot, and humanitarian (d. 1992)
• 1917 – John Cornforth, Australian-English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)
• 1917 – Jacob Lawrence, American painter and educator (d. 2000)
• 1918 – Harold Amos, American microbiologist and academic (d. 2003)
• 1919 – Briek Schotte, Belgian cyclist and coach (d. 2004)
• 1920 – Harri Webb, Welsh journalist and poet (d. 1994)
• 1921 – Peter A. Peyser, American soldier and politician (d. 2014)
• 1922 – Lucien Jarraud, French-Canadian journalist and radio host (d. 2007)
• 1923 – Nancy Keesing, Australian author and poet (d. 1993)
• 1923 – Peter Lawford, English-American actor (d. 1984)
• 1923 – Louise Suggs, American golfer, co-founded LPGA (d. 2015)
• 1924 – Daniel Inouye, American captain and politician, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2012)
• 1924 – Leonard Rosenman, American composer and conductor (d. 2008)
• 1925 – Laura Ashley, Welsh-English fashion designer, founded Laura Ashley plc (d. 1985)
• 1925 – Allan Blakeney, Canadian lawyer and politician, 10th Premier of Saskatchewan (d. 2011)
• 1925 – Bhanumathi Ramakrishna, Indian actress, singer, director, and producer (d. 2005)
• 1926 – Samuel Goldwyn Jr., American director and producer (d. 2015)
• 1926 – Donald J. Irwin, American lawyer and politician, 32nd Mayor of Norwalk (d. 2013)
• 1926 – Patrick Jenkin, Baron Jenkin of Roding, English lawyer and politician, Secretary of State for the Environment (d. 2016)
• 1926 – Erich Juskowiak, German footballer (d. 1983)
• 1926 – Don Messick, American voice actor (d. 1997)
• 1927 – Eric Hill, English-American author and illustrator (d. 2014)
• 1927 – Claire L'Heureux-Dubé, Canadian lawyer and jurist
• 1928 – Kathleen Gorham, Australian ballerina (d. 1983)
• 1930 – Baudouin of Belgium (d. 1993)
• 1930 – Sonny Rollins, American saxophonist and composer
• 1930 – S. Sivanayagam, Sri Lankan journalist and author (d. 2010)
• 1931 – Charles Camilleri, Maltese composer and conductor (d. 2009)
• 1932 – Malcolm Bradbury, English author and academic (d. 2000)
• 1932 – John Paul Getty Jr., American-English philanthropist and book collector (d. 2003)
• 1934 – Mary Bauermeister, German painter and illustrator
• 1934 – Waldo de los Ríos, Argentinian composer and conductor (d. 1977)
• 1934 – Sunil Gangopadhyay, Indian author and poet (d. 2012)
• 1934 – Omar Karami, Lebanese lawyer and politician, 58th Prime Minister of Lebanon (d. 2015)
• 1934 – Little Milton, American singer and guitarist (d. 2005)
• 1935 – Abdou Diouf, Senegalese lawyer and politician, 2nd President of Senegal
• 1935 – Dick O'Neal, American basketball player and dentist (d. 2013)
• 1936 – Brian Hart, English race car driver and engineer, founded Brian Hart Ltd. (d. 2014)
• 1936 – Buddy Holly, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1959)
• 1936 – Apostolos Kaklamanis, Greek lawyer and politician, Greek Minister of Justice
• 1937 – John Phillip Law, American actor (d. 2008)
• 1937 – Oleg Lobov, Russian politician, Premier of the Russian SFSR (d. 2018)
• 1939 – Latimore, American singer-songwriter and pianist
• 1939 – Peter Gill, Welsh actor, director, and playwright
• 1940 – Dario Argento, Italian director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1940 – Abdurrahman Wahid, Indonesian journalist and politician, 4th President of Indonesia (d. 2009)
• 1942 – Billy Best, Scottish footballer
• 1942 – Alan Oakes, English footballer and manager
• 1942 – Andrew Stone, Baron Stone of Blackheath, English businessman and politician
• 1942 – Jonathan H. Turner, American sociologist
• 1943 – Beverley McLachlin, Canadian lawyer and jurist, 17th Chief Justice of Canada
• 1944 – Forrest Blue, American football player (d. 2011)
• 1944 – Bertel Haarder, Danish lawyer and politician, Education Minister of Denmark
• 1944 – Peter Larter, English rugby player
• 1944 – Earl Manigault, American basketball player and coach (d. 1998)
• 1944 – Bora Milutinović, Serbian footballer and manager
• 1944 – Houshang Moradi Kermani, Iranian author
• 1945 – Jacques Lemaire, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1945 – Vic Pollard, English-New Zealand rugby player and footballer
• 1945 – Curtis Price, American musicologist and academic
• 1945 – Peter Storey, English footballer
• 1946 – Willie Crawford, American baseball player (d. 2004)
• 1946 – Joe Klein, American journalist and author
• 1946 – Suzyn Waldman, American sportscaster
• 1947 – Sergio Della Pergola, Israeli demographer and statistician
• 1948 – Susan Blakely, American actress
• 1949 – Gloria Gaynor, American singer-songwriter
• 1949 – Dianne Hayter, German-English politician
• 1949 – Barry Siegel, American journalist and academic
• 1950 – David Cannadine, English historian and author
• 1950 – Johann Friedrich, German-Australian engineer (d. 1991)
• 1950 – Julie Kavner, American actress
• 1950 – Peggy Noonan, American author, journalist, speechwriter, and pundit
• 1951 – Chrissie Hynde, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1951 – Morris Albert, Brazilian singer-songwriter
• 1951 – Mark Isham, American trumpet player and composer
• 1951 – Mark McCumber, American golfer
• 1951 – Mammootty, Indian Actor and Producer
• 1952 – Ricardo Tormo, Spanish motorcycle racer (d. 1998)
• 1953 – Michael Byron, American composer
• 1953 – Marc Hunter, New Zealand-Australian singer-songwriter (d. 1998)
• 1953 – Benmont Tench, American keyboardist and songwriter
• 1954 – Corbin Bernsen, American actor
• 1954 – Michael Emerson, American actor
• 1954 – Kerrie Holley, American software architect and academic
• 1955 – Mira Furlan, Croatian-American actress
• 1956 – Michael Feinstein, American singer and pianist
• 1956 – Byron Stevenson, Welsh footballer (d. 2007)
• 1956 – Diane Warren, American songwriter
• 1957 – Jermaine Stewart, American singer-songwriter and dancer (d. 1997)
• 1960 – Brad Houser, American bass player
• 1961 – LeRoi Moore, American saxophonist and songwriter (d. 2008)
• 1961 – Jean-Yves Thibaudet, French pianist
• 1962 – Jennifer Egan, American novelist and short story writer
• 1962 – George South, American wrestler
• 1962 – Hasan Vezir, Turkish footballer and manager
• 1963 – Eazy-E, American rapper and producer (d. 1995)
• 1963 – Neerja Bhanot, Indian model and youngest recipient of country's highest peacetime military award Ashok Chakra (d. 1986)
• 1965 – Angela Gheorghiu, Romanian soprano
• 1965 – Darko Pančev, Macedonian footballer
• 1965 – Uta Pippig, German runner
• 1965 – Tomáš Skuhravý, Czech footballer
• 1965 – Andreas Thom, German footballer and manager
• 1966 – Vladimir Andreyev, Russian race walker
• 1966 – Lutz Heilmann, German politician
• 1966 – Toby Jones, English actor
• 1966 – Gunda Niemann-Stirnemann, German speed skater
• 1966 – Andrew Voss, Australian sportscaster and author
• 1967 – Alok Sharma, Indian-English accountant and politician
• 1968 – Marcel Desailly, Ghanaian-French footballer
• 1968 – Gennadi Krasnitski, Russian figure skater and coach
• 1969 – Darren Bragg, American baseball player and coach
• 1969 – Rudy Galindo, American figure skater
• 1970 – Gino Odjick, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1970 – Tom Everett Scott, American actor
• 1971 – Shane Mosley, American boxer and trainer
• 1972 – Jason Isringhausen, American baseball player and coach
• 1973 – Shannon Elizabeth, American model and actress
• 1973 – Alex Kurtzman, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1974 – Mario Frick, Swiss-Liechtensteiner footballer
• 1974 – Antonio McDyess, American basketball player
• 1975 – Norifumi Abe, Japanese motorcycle racer (d. 2007)
• 1975 – Harold Wallace, Costa Rican footballer and manager
• 1976 – Wavell Hinds, Jamaican cricketer
• 1977 – Molly Holly, American wrestler and trainer
• 1977 – Jon Macken, English-Irish footballer
• 1978 – Matt Cooke, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1978 – Erwin Koen, Dutch footballer
• 1978 – Ersin Güreler, Turkish footballer
• 1979 – Nathan Hindmarsh, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster
• 1979 – Paul Mara, American ice hockey player
• 1979 – Owen Pallett, Canadian singer-songwriter and keyboard player
• 1979 – Brian Stokes, American baseball player
• 1980 – Emre Belözoğlu, Turkish footballer
• 1980 – Sara Carrigan, Australian cyclist
• 1980 – Serhiy Chopyk, Ukrainian footballer
• 1980 – Gabriel Milito, Argentinian footballer
• 1980 – Javad Nekounam, Iranian footballer
• 1980 – Mark Prior, American baseball player
• 1981 – Gökhan Zan, Turkish footballer
• 1981 – Vangelis, Mexican wrestler
• 1982 – Andre Dirrell, American boxer
• 1982 – George Bailey, Australian cricketer
• 1982 – Emese Szász, Hungarian fencer
• 1983 – Philip Deignan, Irish cyclist
• 1983 – Annette Dytrt, German figure skater
• 1983 – Pops Mensah-Bonsu, English-American basketball player
• 1983 – Piri Weepu, New Zealand rugby player
• 1984 – Ben Hollingsworth, Canadian actor
• 1984 – Farveez Maharoof, Sri Lankan cricketer
• 1984 – Miranda, Brazilian footballer
• 1984 – Vera Zvonareva, Russian tennis player
• 1984 – Pelin Karahan, Turkish actress
• 1985 – Wade Davis, American baseball player
• 1985 – Adam Eckersley, English footballer
• 1985 – Rafinha, Brazilian footballer
• 1986 – Charlie Daniels, English footballer
• 1986 – Colin Delaney, American wrestler
• 1987 – Tommy Elphick, English footballer
• 1987 – Sammy Moore, English footballer
• 1987 – Danny North, English footballer
• 1987 – Evan Rachel Wood, American actress and singer
• 1987 – Aleksandra Wozniak, Canadian tennis player
• 1988 – Alex Harvey, Canadian skier
• 1988 – Kevin Love, American basketball player
• 1990 – Fedor Klimov, Russian figure skater
• 1991 – Dale Finucane, Australian rugby league player
• 1991 – Amar Garibović, Serbian skier (d. 2010)
• 1993 – Taylor Gray, American actor
• 1994 – Elinor Barker, Welsh track cyclist
• 1994 – Herman Ese'ese, New Zealand rugby league player
• 1994 – Tom Opacic, Australian rugby league player
• 1995 – George Williams, Welsh footballer
• 1996 – Donovan Mitchell, American basketball player
• 1999 – Michelle Creber, Canadian voice actress

Deaths

• 251 – Sima Yi, Chinese general and politician (b. 179)
• 355 – Claudius Silvanus, Roman general
• 859 – Emperor Xuānzong of Tang, Chinese emperor (b. 810)
• 934 – Meng Zhixiang, Chinese general (b. 874)
• 1134 – Alfonso the Battler, Spanish emperor (b. 1073)
• 1151 – Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou (b. 1113)
• 1202 – William of the White Hands, French cardinal (b. 1135)
• 1251 – Viola, Duchess of Opole
• 1303 – Gregory Bicskei, archbishop of Esztergom
• 1312 – Ferdinand IV of Castile (b. 1285)
• 1354 – Andrea Dandolo, doge of Venice (b. 1306)
• 1362 – Joan of the Tower (b. 1321)
• 1464 – Frederick II, Elector of Saxony (b. 1412)
• 1496 – Ferdinand II of Naples (b. 1469)
• 1559 – Robert Estienne, English-French printer and scholar (b. 1503)
• 1566 – Nikola Šubić Zrinski, Croatian general (b. 1506)
• 1573 – Joanna of Austria, Princess of Portugal (b. 1535)
• 1601 – John Shakespeare, father of William Shakespeare (b. 1529)
• 1619 – Melchior Grodziecki, Polish priest and saint (b. 1582)
• 1619 – Marko Krizin, Croatian priest, missionary, and saint (b. 1589)
• 1622 – Denis Godefroy, French lawyer and jurist (b. 1549)
• 1626 – Edward Villiers, English noble and politician (b. c. 1585)
• 1644 – Guido Bentivoglio, Italian cardinal and historian (b. 1579)
• 1655 – François Tristan l'Hermite, French author and playwright (b. 1601)
• 1657 – Arvid Wittenberg, Swedish field marshal (b. 1606)
• 1685 – William Carpenter, English-American settler, co-founded Rhode Island and Providence Plantations (b. 1605)
• 1729 – William Burnet, Dutch-American civil servant and politician, 21st Governor of the Province of New York (b. 1688)
• 1741 – Blas de Lezo, Spanish admiral (b. 1689)
• 1798 – Peter Frederik Suhm, Danish-Norwegian historian and author (b. 1728)
• 1799 – Louis-Guillaume Le Monnier, French botanist and physicist (b. 1717)
• 1809 – Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke, Thai king (b. 1737)
• 1833 – Hannah More, English poet, playwright, and philanthropist (b. 1745)
• 1840 – Jacques MacDonald, French general (b. 1765)
• 1871 – Kimenzan Tanigorō, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 13th Yokozuna (b. 1826)
• 1871 – Mehmed Emin Aali Pasha, Ottoman politician, 217th Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1815)
• 1881 – Sidney Lanier, American poet and academic (b. 1842)
• 1891 – Lorenzo Sawyer, American lawyer and judge (b. 1820)
• 1892 – John Greenleaf Whittier, American poet and activist (b. 1807)
• 1893 – Hamilton Fish, American lawyer and politician, 26th United States Secretary of State (b. 1808)
• 1907 – Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu, Romanian philologist, journalist, and playwright (b. 1838)
• 1910 – William Holman Hunt, English painter and soldier (b. 1827)
• 1920 – Simon-Napoléon Parent, Canadian lawyer and politician, 12th Premier of Quebec (b. 1855)
• 1921 – Alfred William Rich, English author and painter (b. 1856)
• 1929 – Frederic Weatherly, English lawyer, author, and songwriter (b. 1848)
• 1933 – Edward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon, English ornithologist and politician, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (b. 1862)
• 1939 – Kyōka Izumi, Japanese author, poet, and playwright (b. 1873)
• 1940 – José Félix Estigarribia, Paraguayan soldier and politician, President of Paraguay (b. 1888)
• 1941 – Mario García Menocal, Cuban lawyer and politician, President of Cuba (b. 1866)
• 1942 – Cecilia Beaux, American painter and academic (b. 1855)
• 1949 – José Clemente Orozco, Mexican painter and illustrator (b. 1883)
• 1951 – Maria Montez, Dominican-French actress (b. 1912)
• 1951 – John French Sloan, American painter and etcher (b. 1871)
• 1954 – Bud Fisher, American cartoonist (b. 1885)
• 1956 – C. B. Fry, English cricketer, academic, and politician (b. 1872)
• 1959 – Maurice Duplessis, Canadian lawyer and politician, 16th Premier of Quebec (b. 1890)
• 1960 – Wilhelm Pieck, German carpenter and politician, President of East Germany (b. 1873)
• 1961 – Pieter Sjoerds Gerbrandy, Dutch lawyer, jurist, and politician, 34th Prime Minister of the Netherlands (b. 1885)
• 1962 – Karen Blixen, Danish memoirist and short story writer (b. 1885)
• 1962 – Graham Walker, English motorcycle racer and journalist (b. 1897)
• 1964 – Walter A. Brown, American businessman (b. 1905)
• 1969 – Everett Dirksen, American lieutenant and politician (b. 1896)
• 1970 – Yitzhak Gruenbaum, Polish-Israeli journalist and politician, 1st Internal Affairs Minister of Israel (b. 1879)
• 1971 – Spring Byington, American actress (b. 1886)
• 1971 – Ludwig Suthaus, German tenor (b. 1906)
• 1972 – Dimitris Poulianos, Greek painter and illustrator (b. 1899)
• 1973 – Holling C. Holling, American author and illustrator (b. 1900)
• 1973 – Lev Vladimirsky, Kazakhstani-Russian admiral (b. 1903)
• 1974 – S. M. Rasamanickam, Ceylon politician (b. 1913)
• 1978 – Cecil Aronowitz, South African-English viola player (b. 1916)
• 1978 – Keith Moon, English drummer (The Who) (b. 1946)
• 1978 – Charles Williams, English composer and conductor (b. 1893)
• 1979 – I. A. Richards, English literary critic and rhetorician (b. 1893)
• 1981 – Christy Brown, Irish author, poet, and painter (b. 1932)
• 1982 – Ken Boyer, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1931)
• 1984 – Joe Cronin, American baseball player and manager (b. 1906)
• 1984 – Josyf Slipyj, Ukrainian cardinal (b. 1892)
• 1984 – Don Tallon, Australian cricketer (b. 1916)
• 1985 – Jacoba van Velde, Dutch author (b. 1903)
• 1985 – José Zabala-Santos, Filipino cartoonist (b. 1911)
• 1986 – Les Bury, English-Australian public servant and politician, 26th Australian Minister for Foreign Affairs (b. 1913)
• 1988 – Sedad Hakkı Eldem, Turkish architect (b. 1908)
• 1989 – Mikhail Goldstein, Ukrainian violinist and composer (b. 1917)
• 1990 – Earle E. Partridge, American general and pilot (b. 1900)
• 1990 – A. J. P. Taylor, English historian and journalist (b. 1906)
• 1991 – Edwin McMillan, American physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1907)
• 1994 – Eric Crozier, English director and playwright (b. 1914)
• 1994 – Dennis Morgan, American actor (b. 1908)
• 1994 – Terence Young, Chinese-English director and screenwriter (b. 1915)
• 1995 – Russell Johnson, American cartoonist (b. 1893)
• 1996 – Bibi Besch, Austrian-American actress (b. 1942)
• 1997 – Mobutu Sese Seko, Congolese soldier and politician, President of Zaire (b. 1930)
• 2000 – Bruce Gyngell, Australian-English broadcaster (b. 1929)
• 2001 – Igor Buketoff, American conductor and educator (b. 1915)
• 2001 – Billie Lou Watt, American actress and voice artist (b. 1924)
• 2002 – Uziel Gal, German-Israeli colonel and gun designer, designed the Uzi (b. 1923)
• 2003 – Warren Zevon, American singer-songwriter (b. 1947)
• 2004 – Bob Boyd, American baseball player (b. 1925)
• 2006 – Hiroshi Takase, Japanese cinematographer (b. 1955)
• 2008 – Kune Biezeveld, Dutch minister and theologian (b. 1948)
• 2008 – Ilarion Ciobanu, Romanian rugby player and actor (b. 1931)
• 2008 – Don Haskins, American basketball player and coach (b. 1930)
• 2008 – Gregory Mcdonald, American author (b. 1937)
• 2008 – Nagi Noda, Japanese director and producer (b. 1973)
• 2010 – Amar Garibović, Serbian skier (b. 1991)
• 2010 – William H. Goetzmann, American historian and author (b. 1930)
• 2010 – Barbara Holland, American author (b. 1933)
• 2010 – John Kluge, German-American businessman (b. 1914)
• 2011 – Victims of the Lokomotiv Yaroslavl plane crash
  • Pavol Demitra, Slovakian ice hockey player (b. 1974)
  • Alexander Karpovtsev, Russian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1970)
  • Igor Korolev, Russian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1970)
  • Stefan Liv, Polish-Swedish ice hockey player (b. 1980)
  • Jan Marek, Czech ice hockey player (b. 1979)
  • Brad McCrimmon, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1959)
  • Karel Rachůnek, Czech ice hockey player (b. 1979)
  • Kārlis Skrastiņš, Latvian ice hockey player (b. 1974)
  • Ruslan Salei, Belarusian ice hockey player (b. 1974)
  • Josef Vašíček, Czech ice hockey player (b. 1980)
• 2012 – César Fernández Ardavín, Spanish director and screenwriter (b. 1923)
• 2012 – Aleksandr Maksimenkov, Russian footballer and manager (b. 1952)
• 2012 – Daniel Weinreb, American computer scientist and programmer (b. 1959)
• 2013 – Albert Allen Bartlett, American physicist and academic (b. 1923)
• 2013 – Romesh Bhandari, Pakistani-Indian politician and diplomat, 13th Foreign Secretary of India (b. 1928)
• 2013 – Frank Blevins, English-Australian politician, 7th Deputy Premier of South Australia (b. 1939)
• 2013 – Pete Hoffman, American cartoonist (b. 1919)
• 2013 – Ilja Hurník, Czech playwright and composer (b. 1922)
• 2013 – Fred Katz, American cellist and composer (b. 1919)
• 2014 – Kwon Ri-se, South Korean singer (b. 1991)
• 2014 – Jack Cristil, American sportscaster and radio host (b. 1925)
• 2014 – Raul M. Gonzalez, Filipino lawyer and politician, 42nd Filipino Secretary of Justice (b. 1930)
• 2014 – Yoshiko Ōtaka, Chinese-Japanese actress, singer, and politician (b. 1920)
• 2014 – Harold Shipp, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1926)
• 2015 – Dickie Moore, American actor (b. 1925)
• 2015 – Candida Royalle, American porn actress, director, and producer (b. 1950)
• 2015 – Guillermo Rubalcaba, Cuban pianist, composer, and bandleader (b. 1927)
• 2015 – Voula Zouboulaki, Greek actress (b. 1924)
• 2018 – Mac Miller, American rapper (b. 1992)

Holidays and observances

• Air Force Day (Pakistan)
• Christian feast day:
  • Anastasius the Fuller
  • Clodoald
  • Gratus of Aosta
  • István Pongrácz
  • Marko Krizin
  • Our Lady of Covadonga
  • Regina
  • September 7 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Earliest day on which National Grandparents Day can fall, while September 13 is the latest; celebrated on the first Sunday after Labor Day. (United States)
• Constitution Day (Fiji)
• Independence Day (Brazil), celebrates the independence of Brazil from Portugal in 1822.
• Military Intelligence Day (Ukraine)])
• National Threatened Species Day (Australia)
• Victory Day (Mozambique)

References

1. ^ A History of the Crusades: The Impact of the Crusades on the Near East By Kenneth M. Setton, Norman P. Zacour, Harry W. Hazard, p.363-364
2. ^ Anderson, James (1742). A genealogical history of the house of Yvery, in its different branches of Yvery, Luvel ... H. Woodfall. p. 330.

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• Today in Canadian History

Bob Dylan

Bob Dylan (born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and visual artist who has been a major figure in popular culture for six decades. Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when songs such as "Blowin' in the Wind" (1963) and "The Times They Are a-Changin'" (1964) became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement. His lyrics incorporated a wide range of political, social, philosophical, and literary influences, defied existing conventions of popular music, and appealed to the burgeoning counterculture, such as on the six-minute single "Like a Rolling Stone" (1965).

Following his self-titled debut album in 1962, which mainly consisted of traditional folk songs, Dylan made his breakthrough as a songwriter with the release of the 1963 album The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan, featuring "Blowin' in the Wind" and the thematically complex composition "A Hard Rain's a-Gonna Fall". For many of these songs he adapted the tunes and sometimes phraseology of older folk songs. Dylan went on to release the politically charged The Times They Are a-Changin' and the more lyrically abstract and introspective Another Side of Bob Dylan in 1964. In 1965 and 1966, Dylan encountered controversy when he adopted the use of electrically amplified rock instrumentation and in the space of 15 months recorded three of the most important and influential rock albums of the 1960s, Bringing It All Back Home (1965), Highway 61 Revisited (1965), and Blonde on Blonde (1966).

In July 1966, Dylan withdrew from touring after being injured in a motorcycle accident. During this period he recorded a large body of songs with members of the Band, who had previously backed Dylan on tour; later released as the collaborative album The Basement Tapes in 1975. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Dylan explored country music and rural themes in John Wesley Harding (1967), Nashville Skyline (1969), and New Morning (1970). In 1975, Dylan released the album Blood on the Tracks, which many saw as a return to form, followed by Desire (1976). In the late 1970s, Dylan became a born-again Christian and released a series of albums of contemporary gospel music before returning to his more familiar rock-based idiom in the early 1980s. Dylan's major works during his later career include Time Out of Mind (1997), "Love and Theft" (2001), and Tempest (2012). His most recent recordings have comprised versions of traditional American standards, especially songs recorded by Frank Sinatra. Backed by a changing lineup of musicians, he has toured steadily since the late 1980s on what has been dubbed "the Never Ending Tour".

Since 1994, Dylan has published eight books of drawings and paintings, and his work has been exhibited in major art galleries. Dylan has sold more than 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time. He has also received numerous awards including ten Grammy Awards, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award. Dylan has been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, Minnesota Music Hall of Fame, Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame, and Songwriters Hall of Fame. The Pulitzer Prize jury in 2008 awarded him a special citation for "his profound impact on popular music and American culture, marked by lyrical compositions of extraordinary poetic power". In 2012, Dylan received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, and in 2016, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature "for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition".

Brooklyn Nine-Nine

Brooklyn Nine-Nine is an American police television sitcom that premiered on Fox on September 17, 2013. Created by Dan Goor and Michael Schur, the series revolves around Jake Peralta (Andy Samberg), an immature but talented NYPD detective in Brooklyn's 99th Precinct, who comes into conflict with his new commanding officer, the serious and stern Captain Raymond Holt (Andre Braugher). The ensemble and supporting cast feature Stephanie Beatriz as Rosa Diaz, Terry Crews as Terry Jeffords, Melissa Fumero as Amy Santiago, Joe Lo Truglio as Charles Boyle, Chelsea Peretti as Gina Linetti, Dirk Blocker as Michael Hitchcock and Joel McKinnon Miller as Norm Scully.

Produced as a single-camera comedy, Fox originally ordered thirteen episodes for its first season, eventually expanding it to 22 episodes. The series has been praised for its cast, especially Samberg and Braugher. It has won two Creative Arts Emmy Awards, and two Golden Globe Awards: one for Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy and one for Samberg for Best Actor – Television Series Musical or Comedy. Braugher has also been nominated for three consecutive Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series. The series has also received particular praise for its portrayal of serious issues with a blend of humor.

On May 10, 2018, Fox canceled the series after five seasons. The following day, NBC picked up the series for a sixth season of thirteen episodes; on September 7, 2018, NBC extended the season to a count of eighteen episodes. The fifth season ended on Fox on May 20, 2018, and the sixth season began on NBC on January 10, 2019.

Chad Kroeger

Chad Robert Kroeger () (born November 15, 1974) is a Canadian musician and producer, best known as the lead vocalist and guitarist for the Canadian rock band Nickelback. In addition to his work with Nickelback, Kroeger has been involved with a variety of collaborations, appearing as a guest musician in several songs and has contributed in both production and songwriting. He has co-written several songs for other artists and films.

Drew Barrymore

Drew Blythe Barrymore (born February 22, 1975) is an American actress, producer, director, author, model and entrepreneur. She is a member of the Barrymore family of actors, and the granddaughter of John Barrymore. She achieved fame as a child actress with her role in E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982). She is the recipient of several accolades, including a Golden Globe, a Screen Actors Guild Award, and a BAFTA nomination.

Following a highly publicized childhood marked by drug and alcohol abuse, Barrymore released an autobiography, Little Girl Lost, in 1991. She went on to appear in a string of successful films throughout the decade, including Poison Ivy (1992), Boys on the Side (1995), Mad Love (1995), Scream (1996), Ever After (1998) and The Wedding Singer (1998). The latter was her first collaboration with Adam Sandler; they have since starred together in 50 First Dates (2004) and Blended (2014).

Her other films include Never Been Kissed (1999), Charlie's Angels (2000), Donnie Darko (2001), Riding in Cars with Boys (2001), Confessions of a Dangerous Mind (2002), Fever Pitch (2005), Music and Lyrics (2007), Going the Distance (2010), Big Miracle (2012) and Miss You Already (2015). Barrymore made her directorial debut with Whip It (2009), in which she also starred, and received a SAG Award and a Golden Globe for her performance in Grey Gardens (2009). She currently stars on the Netflix series Santa Clarita Diet.

In 1995, Barrymore and Nancy Juvonen formed the production company Flower Films. The pair have produced several projects in which Barrymore has starred. In 2013, Barrymore launched a range of cosmetics under the Flower banner, which has grown to include lines in makeup, perfume and eyewear. Her other business ventures include a range of wines and a clothing line. In 2015, she released her second memoir, Wildflower. Barrymore received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2004.

Eazy-E

Eric Lynn Wright (September 7, 1964 – March 26, 1995), known professionally as Eazy-E, was an American rapper, record producer, and entrepreneur. Dubbed the "Godfather of Gangsta Rap", he gained prominence for his work with N.W.A, where he has been credited for pushing the boundaries of lyrical and visual content in mainstream popular music.

Born and raised in Compton, California, Eazy-E faced several legal troubles before founding the Ruthless Records record label in 1986. After beginning a short solo career, where he worked heavily with Ice Cube and Dr. Dre, the trio came together to form the group N.W.A later that year. As a member of the group, he released the controversial album, Straight Outta Compton (1988), which tackled many socio-political issues. The album has been regarded as one of the greatest albums of all-time, and one of the most influential in the genre. The group released their final studio album three years later, and disbanded shortly after, due to long-standing financial disputes.

Eazy-E then resumed his solo career, where he released two EPs, which drew inspiration from funk music, contemporary hip-hop, and comedians. He also engaged in a high-profile feud with Dr. Dre, before being hospitalized with AIDS in 1995. He died a month after his hospitalization.

Elisha Cuthbert

Elisha Ann Cuthbert (born November 30, 1982) is a Canadian actress and model. She played Kim Bauer in the series 24, Darcie Goldberg in the college comedy Old School, Danielle in the teen comedy film The Girl Next Door, and Carly Jones in the 2005 remake of House of Wax. In 2013, Maxim magazine named her "TV's most beautiful woman".At the age of 14, Cuthbert made her feature film debut in the 1997 family-drama Dancing on the Moon. Her first major lead role came in the 1998 drama film Airspeed (No Control) alongside Joe Mantegna. In 2001, she starred in the movie Lucky Girl, in which she received her first award, the Gemini Awards, but her career began in earnest in the 2000s when she played Kim Bauer, daughter of Jack Bauer in the action series 24. Subsequently, Cuthbert appeared in the lead role in the films The Quiet (2005) and Captivity (2007).

From 2011 to 2013, Cuthbert starred as Alex Kerkovich in the three seasons of the ABC comedy Happy Endings.

Evan Rachel Wood

Evan Rachel Wood (born September 7, 1987) is an American actress, model, and musician. She began acting in the 1990s, appearing in several television series, including American Gothic (1995–96) and Once and Again (1999–2002). Wood made her debut as a leading film actress at the age of eleven in Digging to China (1998) and garnered acclaim for her Golden Globe-nominated role as the troubled teenager Tracy Freeland in the teen drama film Thirteen (2003).Wood continued acting mostly in independent films, including Pretty Persuasion (2005), Down in the Valley (2005), Running with Scissors (2006), and in the big studio production Across the Universe (2007). Since 2008, Wood has appeared in more mainstream films, including The Wrestler (2008), Whatever Works (2009) and The Ides of March (2011). She also returned to television, playing the supporting role of Queen Sophie-Anne on True Blood from 2009 to 2011 and playing the daughter of Mildred Pierce in the HBO miniseries Mildred Pierce (2011), for which she was nominated for the Golden Globe and Emmy Award for Best Supporting Actress. As of 2016, she plays the sentient android Dolores Abernathy in the HBO series Westworld, for which she won a Critics' Choice Award and earned a Golden Globe and Emmy Award nominations.

Ezekiel Elliott

Ezekiel Elijah Elliott (born July 22, 1995) is an American football running back for the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Ohio State, where he earned second-team All-America honors in 2015. He was drafted by the Cowboys fourth overall in the 2016 NFL Draft. In his first NFL season, he led the league in rushing yards and was invited to the Pro Bowl.

Gwen Stefani

Gwen Renée Stefani (; born October 3, 1969) is an American singer-songwriter and actress. She is co-founder and lead vocalist of the band No Doubt, whose singles include "Just a Girl" and "Don't Speak" from their 1995 breakthrough studio album Tragic Kingdom, as well as "Hey Baby" and "It's My Life" from later albums.

During the band's hiatus, Stefani embarked on a solo pop career in 2004 by releasing her debut studio album Love. Angel. Music. Baby. Inspired by pop music from the 1980s, the album was a critical and commercial success. It spawned three singles: "What You Waiting For?", "Rich Girl", and "Hollaback Girl". The last reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart while also becoming the first US download to sell one million copies. In 2006, Stefani released her second studio album The Sweet Escape. The album produced the singles "Wind It Up" and "The Sweet Escape". Her third solo album, This Is What the Truth Feels Like (2016), was her first solo album to reach number one on the Billboard 200 chart.

Stefani has won three Grammy Awards. As a solo artist she has received an American Music Award, Brit Award, World Music Award and two Billboard Music Awards. In 2003, she debuted her clothing line L.A.M.B. and expanded her collection with the 2005 Harajuku Lovers line, inspired by Japanese culture and fashion. During this time Stefani performed and made public appearances with four back-up dancers known as the Harajuku Girls. She was married to British musician Gavin Rossdale from 2002 to 2016 and they have three sons. Billboard magazine ranked Stefani the 54th most successful artist and 37th most successful Hot 100 artist of the 2000–09-decade. VH1 ranked her 13th on their "100 Greatest Women in Music" list in 2012. Including her work with No Doubt, Stefani has sold more than 30 million albums worldwide.

Hurricane Irma

Hurricane Irma was an extremely powerful and catastrophic Cape Verde hurricane, the strongest observed in the Atlantic in terms of maximum sustained winds since Wilma, and the strongest storm on record to exist in the open Atlantic region. Irma was the first Category 5 hurricane to strike the Leeward Islands on record, followed by Maria two weeks later, and is the second-costliest Caribbean hurricane on record, after Maria. The ninth named storm, fourth hurricane, second major hurricane, and first Category 5 hurricane of the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season, Irma caused widespread and catastrophic damage throughout its long lifetime, particularly in the northeastern Caribbean and the Florida Keys. It was also the most intense hurricane to strike the continental United States since Katrina in 2005, the first major hurricane to make landfall in Florida since Wilma in the same year, and the first Category 4 hurricane to strike the state since Charley in 2004. The word Irmageddon was coined soon after the hurricane to describe the damage caused by the hurricane.Irma developed from a tropical wave near Cape Verde on August 30. Favorable conditions allowed Irma to rapidly intensify into a Category 3 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson wind scale by late on August 31. However, the storm's intensity fluctuated between Categories 2 and 3 for the next several days, due to a series of eyewall replacement cycles. On September 4, Irma resumed intensifying, becoming a Category 5 hurricane by early on the next day, and acquiring annular characteristics. Early on September 6, Irma peaked with 180 mph (285 km/h) winds and a minimum pressure of 914 hPa (27.0 inHg), making it the second most intense tropical cyclone worldwide in 2017, behind only Hurricane Maria, and the strongest worldwide in 2017, in terms of wind speed. Another eyewall replacement cycle caused Irma to weaken back to a Category 4 hurricane, but the storm re-attained Category 5 status before making landfall in Cuba. Although land interaction weakened Irma to a Category 2 storm, the system re-intensified to Category 4 status as it crossed the warm waters of the Straits of Florida, before making landfall on Cudjoe Key with winds at 130 mph, (215 km/h) on September 10. Irma weakened to Category 3 status, prior to another landfall in Florida on Marco Island later that day. The system degraded into a remnant low over Alabama and ultimately dissipated on September 13 over Missouri.

The storm caused catastrophic damage in Barbuda, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin, Anguilla, and the Virgin Islands as a Category 5 hurricane. The hurricane caused at least 134 deaths: one in Anguilla; one in Barbados; three in Barbuda; four in the British Virgin Islands; 10 in Cuba; 11 in the French West Indies; one in Haiti; three in Puerto Rico; four on the Dutch side of Sint Maarten; 92 in the contiguous United States, and four in the U.S. Virgin Islands. Hurricane Irma was the top Google searched term in the US and globally in 2017.

IPhone 7

iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus are smartphones designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. It is the tenth generation of the iPhone. They were announced on September 7, 2016, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, and were released on September 16, 2016, succeeding the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus as the flagship devices in the iPhone series. Apple also released the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus in numerous countries worldwide throughout September and October 2016. They were succeeded as flagship devices by the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus on September 22, 2017, and the iPhone X on November 3, 2017. The iPhone X was discontinued almost a year later on September 12, 2018.The iPhone 7's overall design is similar to the iPhone 6S, but introduces new color options (matte black and jet black), water and dust resistance, a new capacitive, static home button, and removes the 3.5 mm headphone jack. The device's internal hardware also received upgrades, including a heterogeneous quad-core system-on-chip with improved system and graphics performance, and upgraded 12 megapixel rear-facing cameras with optical image stabilization on all models and an additional telephoto lens on the iPhone 7 Plus model to provide enhanced zoom capabilities.

Reception of the iPhone 7 was mixed. Although reviewers noted the improvements to the camera, especially the dual rear camera on the Plus model, they also stated that the iPhone 7 did not make significant changes to the display or build quality, where competing flagship smartphones surpassed the quality of the iPhone 7.

Many reviews highlighted the controversial removal of the 3.5 mm headphone jack; some critics argued that the change was meant to bolster licensing of the proprietary Lightning connector and the sales of Apple's own wireless headphone products, and questioned the effects of the change on audio quality. Apple was also mocked by critics for Phil Schiller's statement that such a drastic change required "courage".

The iPhone 7 has been the subject of several reported issues, most notably a hissing noise during heavy usage of the phones and significant differences in performance between device variants. Apple has not released sales numbers for iPhone 7, but multiple U.S. carriers reported that it was in high demand on launch. Subsequent reports at the end of 2016 stated that Apple had reduced production of the models due to "sluggish" sales and decreasing demand, though sales research after the first quarter of 2017 placed the devices as the best-selling smartphones in the world.

Kamikaze (Eminem album)

Kamikaze is the tenth studio album by American rapper Eminem. Previously unannounced, the album was released on August 31, 2018 by Aftermath Entertainment, Interscope Records, and Shady Records. The album features guest appearances from Joyner Lucas, Royce da 5'9", Jessie Reyez, and uncredited vocals by Justin Vernon. Eminem, credited as Slim Shady, and Dr. Dre served as executive producers, while production for individual tracks comes from a variety of musicians.

Critical reception of the album has been mixed, with many praising it as an aggressive return to form for the rapper while others have criticized it for lacking innovation. The album also generated some controversy for use of a homophobic slur and for containing several disses against various artists. The album was a commercial success, topping the charts in over fifteen countries. It was his 10th record in a row to go number-one on the Billboard 200, and was the best selling hip-hop album of 2018. The album was certified platinum in the United States in December 2018.

Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep

Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep (Japanese: キングダム ハーツ バース バイ スリープ, Hepburn: Kingudamu Hātsu Bāsu bai Surīpu) is an action role-playing video game developed and published by Square Enix for the PlayStation Portable, serving as the sixth installment in the Kingdom Hearts series. The game was released on UMD in Japan on January 9, 2010, in North America on September 7, 2010 and in the PAL regions on September 10, 2010. An international version of the game titled Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep Final Mix was released in Japan in January 2011 featuring the changes made in the non-Japanese versions.

The game utilizes an overhauled battle system different from previous games in the series with new elements. It is a prequel to the original Kingdom Hearts, taking place ten years before. The game centers on the journeys of Terra, Aqua and Ventus, characters briefly featured in Kingdom Hearts II in their quest to locate the missing Master Xehanort, and protect the worlds from creatures known as the Unversed. The player has access to the three characters' different scenarios when playing.

Development of the game began in June 2005 with parts of the game Kingdom Hearts II Final Mix meant to bring clues of Birth by Sleep. The game was directed by Tetsuya Nomura and co-directed by Tai Yasue. Nomura has referred to the game as "Episode 0" (and later "Episode 0.1" following the release of Kingdom Hearts χ) saying that the game is on the same scale and plays as big an importance as Kingdom Hearts and Kingdom Hearts II. The game has been well-received, selling 1.27 million copies worldwide as of November 2010, and receiving positive comments by video game publications. Critics praised the gameplay, graphics, music, and storyline of the game, with criticism reserved for the level design and the characters. A high definition version of the Final Mix edition was released for the PlayStation 3 in 2014 and PlayStation 4 in 2017 as a part of the Kingdom Hearts HD 2.5 Remix collection.

Mac Miller

Malcolm James McCormick (January 19, 1992 – September 7, 2018), known professionally as Mac Miller, was an American rapper, singer, and record producer. Born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Miller began his career in the city's hip-hop scene in 2007, at the age of fifteen. He signed a record deal with Pittsburgh-based indie label Rostrum Records in 2010. His breakthrough came with the mixtapes K.I.D.S. (2010) and Best Day Ever (2011), including the single "Donald Trump".

Miller's debut studio album, Blue Slide Park (2011), reached number-one on the US Billboard 200, the first independently distributed debut album to top the chart since 1995. In early 2013, Miller launched his own record label imprint, REMember Music. After his second studio album, Watching Movies with the Sound Off (2013), he left Rostrum and signed a record deal with the major label Warner Bros. Records in October 2014. With them, he released three studio albums: GO:OD AM (2015), The Divine Feminine (2016), and Swimming (2018). He also served as a record producer under the pseudonym Larry Fisherman, producing music for SZA, Vince Staples, Lil B, Ab-Soul, Riff Raff, Smoke DZA, and himself. He was posthumously nominated for Best Rap Album at the 61st Annual Grammy Awards for Swimming.

Miller struggled with substance abuse, which was often referenced in his lyrics.

Mel Brooks

Mel Brooks (born Melvin Kaminsky, June 28, 1926) is an American filmmaker, actor, comedian, and composer. He is known as a creator of broad film farces and comedic parodies. Brooks began his career as a comic and a writer for the early TV variety show Your Show of Shows. He created, with Buck Henry, the hit television comedy series Get Smart, which ran from 1965 to 1970.

In middle age, Brooks became one of the most successful film directors of the 1970s, with many of his films being among the top 10 moneymakers of the year they were released. His best-known films include The Producers, The Twelve Chairs, Blazing Saddles, Young Frankenstein, Silent Movie, High Anxiety, History of the World, Part I, Spaceballs and Robin Hood: Men in Tights. A musical adaptation of his first film, The Producers, ran on Broadway, from 2001 to 2007.

In 2001, having previously won an Emmy, a Grammy and an Oscar, he joined a small list of EGOT winners with his Tony Award for The Producers. He received a Kennedy Center Honor in 2009, a Hollywood Walk of Fame star in 2010, the 41st AFI Life Achievement Award in June 2013, a British Film Institute Fellowship in March 2015, a National Medal of Arts in September 2016, and a BAFTA Fellowship in February 2017. Three of his films ranked in the American Film Institute's list of the top 100 comedy films of the past 100 years (1900–2000), all of which ranked in the top 15 of the list: Blazing Saddles at number 6, The Producers at number 11, and Young Frankenstein at number 13.Brooks was married to Oscar, Emmy, and Tony-winning actress, Anne Bancroft, from 1964 until her death in 2005. Their son Max Brooks is an actor and author, known for his 2006 novel World War Z: An Oral History of the Zombie War.

Melissa Etheridge

Melissa Lou Etheridge (born May 29, 1961) is an American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and activist. Her self-titled debut album Melissa Etheridge was released in 1988 and became an underground success. The album peaked at No. 22 on the Billboard 200, and its lead single, "Bring Me Some Water", garnered Etheridge her first Grammy Award nomination for Best Rock Vocal Performance, Female. In 1993, Etheridge won her first Grammy award for her single "Ain't It Heavy" from her third album, Never Enough. Later that year, she released what would become her mainstream breakthrough album, Yes I Am. Its tracks "I'm the Only One" and "Come to My Window" both reached the top 30 in the United States, and the latter earned Etheridge her second Grammy award. Yes I Am peaked at No. 15 on the Billboard 200, and spent 138 weeks on the chart, earning a RIAA certification of 6x Platinum, her largest to date.

In October 2004, Etheridge was diagnosed with breast cancer, and underwent surgery and chemotherapy. At the 2005 Grammy Awards, she made a return to the stage and, although bald from chemotherapy, performed a tribute to Janis Joplin with the song "Piece of My Heart". Etheridge's performance was widely lauded, with India.Arie writing "I Am Not My Hair" about Etheridge. Later that year, Etheridge released her first compilation album, Greatest Hits: The Road Less Traveled. The album was a success, peaking at No. 14 on the Billboard 200, and going Gold almost immediately. Her latest studio album is Memphis Rock and Soul.

Etheridge is known for her mixture of "confessional lyrics, pop-based folk-rock, and raspy, smoky vocals." She has also been a gay and lesbian activist since her public coming out in January 1993. She has received fifteen Grammy Award nominations throughout her career, winning two, in 1993 and 1995. In 2007, she won an Academy Award for Best Original Song for "I Need to Wake Up" from the film An Inconvenient Truth. In September 2011, Etheridge received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

PlayStation 4

The PlayStation 4 (PS4) is an eighth-generation home video game console developed by Sony Interactive Entertainment. Announced as the successor to the PlayStation 3 in February, 2013, it was launched on November 15 in North America, November 29 in Europe, South America and Australia, and on February 22, 2014, in Japan. It competes with Microsoft's Xbox One and Nintendo's Wii U and Switch.

Moving away from the more complex Cell microarchitecture of its predecessor, the console features an AMD Accelerated Processing Unit (APU) built upon the x86-64 architecture, which can theoretically peak at 1.84 teraflops; AMD stated that it was the "most powerful" APU it had developed to date. The PlayStation 4 places an increased emphasis on social interaction and integration with other devices and services, including the ability to play games off-console on PlayStation Vita and other supported devices ("Remote Play"), the ability to stream gameplay online or to friends, with them controlling gameplay remotely ("Share Play"). The console's controller was also redesigned and improved over the PlayStation 3, with improved buttons and analog sticks, and an integrated touchpad among other changes. The console also supports HDR10 High-dynamic-range video and playback of 4K resolution multimedia.

The PlayStation 4 was released to acclaim, with critics praising Sony for acknowledging its consumers' needs, embracing independent game development, and for not imposing the restrictive digital rights management schemes similarly to those announced by Microsoft for Xbox One. Critics and third-party studios also praised the capabilities of the PlayStation 4 in comparison to its competitors; developers described the performance difference between the console and Xbox One as "significant" and "obvious". Heightened demand also helped Sony top global console sales. By the end of December 2018, over 94 million PlayStation 4 consoles had been shipped worldwide, surpassing lifetime sales of its predecessor, the PlayStation 3. As of December 2018, 91.6 million PlayStation 4 consoles had been sold through to customers worldwide.

On September 7, 2016, Sony unveiled the PlayStation 4 Pro, a high-end version of the console with an upgraded GPU and higher CPU clock rate to support enhanced performance and 4K resolution on supported games. The company also released a variant of the original model with a smaller form factor, and the release of a patch to add HDR support to all existing consoles.