Antibes (/ɒnˈtiːb/, French: [ɑ̃tib]; Provençal Occitan: Antíbol) is a Mediterranean resort in the Alpes-Maritimes department of southeastern France, on the Côte d'Azur between Cannes and Nice.
The town of Juan-les-Pins is in the commune of Antibes and the Sophia Antipolis technology park is northwest of it.
Antibes | ||
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October 2006 view of Antibes by the Mediterranean | ||
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Location of Antibes | ||
![]() ![]() Antibes ![]() ![]() Antibes | ||
Coordinates: 43°34′51″N 7°07′26″E / 43.5808°N 7.1239°ECoordinates: 43°34′51″N 7°07′26″E / 43.5808°N 7.1239°E | ||
Country | France | |
Region | Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur | |
Department | Alpes-Maritimes | |
Arrondissement | Grasse | |
Canton | Antibes-1 Antibes-2 Antibes-3 | |
Intercommunality | CA Sophia Antipolis | |
Government | ||
• Mayor (2014-2020) | Jean Leonetti | |
Area 1 | 26.48 km2 (10.22 sq mi) | |
Population (2015)2 | 74,875 | |
• Density | 2,800/km2 (7,300/sq mi) | |
Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) | |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) | |
INSEE/Postal code | 06004 /06600 | |
Elevation | 0–163 m (0–535 ft) (avg. 9 m or 30 ft) | |
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. 2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once. |
Traces of occupation dating back to the early Iron Age have been found[1] in the areas of the castle and cathedral. Remains beneath the Holy Spirit Chapel show there was an indigenous community with ties with Mediterranean populations, including the Etruscans, as evidenced by the presence of numerous underwater amphorae and wrecks off Antibes.[2] However, most trade was with the Greek world, via the Phocaeans of Marseille.
Antibes was founded by Phocaeans from Massilia.[3][4] As a Greek colony (and later Roman) settlement, it was named Antipolis (Greek: Ἀντίπολις, Antípolis, lit. "Cross-City") from its position close to Nice (anc. Nikaia).
Current research suggests that Antipolis was founded relatively late (4th century BC), to benefit from the protection of Marseille with its trade routes along the coast and strongholds like Olbia at Hyères, and trading posts such as Antipolis itself and later Nikaia; it is mentioned by Strabo.[5]
The exact location of the Greek city is not well known. Given Greek colonial practices, it is likely that it was set at the foot of the rock of Antibes in today's old city.[6] Traces of occupation in the Hellenistic period have been identified around the castle and the church (former cathedral). The goods unearthed during these excavations show the dominance of imported products of the Marseilles region, associated with Campanian and indigenous ceramics.
Early in the second century BC the Ligurian Deceates and Oxybiens tribes launched repeated attacks against Nikaia and Antipolis. The Greeks of Marseille appealed to Rome as they had already done a few years earlier against the federation of Salyens. In 154 BC the consul Quintus Opimius defeated the Décéates and Oxybiens and took Aegythna from the Décéates.
Rome gradually increased its hold over the Mediterranean coast. In 43 BC, Antipolis was officially incorporated in the propraetorial (senatorial from 27 BC) province of Narbonesian Gaul, in which it remained for the next 500 years. Antipolis grew into the largest town in the region and a main entry point into Gaul. Roman artifacts such as aqueducts, fortified walls, and amphoræ can still be seen today.
The city was supplied with water by two aqueducts. The Fontvieille aqueduct rises in Biot and eventually joins the coast below the RN7 and the railway track at the Fort Carré. It was discovered and restored in the 18th century by the Chevalier d'Aguillon for supplying the modern city.
The aqueduct called the Bouillide or Clausonnes rises near the town of Valbonne. Monumental remains of aqueduct bridges are located in the neighbourhood of Fugaret, in the forest of Valmasque and near the town of Vallauris.
Like most Roman towns Antipolis possessed these buildings for shows and entertainment. A Roman theatre is attested by the tombstone of the child "Septentrion". The inscription says "he danced and was popular on the stage of the theatre" . The theatre was located, like the amphitheatre, between Rue de la République and Rue de Fersen, near the Porte Royale. The back wall is positioned substantially next to Rue Fourmillère. A radial wall was found on the right side of the bus station. A plan of the theatre made in the 16th century is in the Marciana National Library of Venice.
The remains of the amphitheatre were still visible at the end of the 17th century during the restructuring of the fortifications of the city. A concentric oval was still visible in many plans of the seventeenth century and in a map of Antibes from the early nineteenth century. These remains are now covered by the College of Fersen.
Excavations in the old town have discovered well-preserved houses showing some luxury. Among them, the most monumental are those in the rectory garden of rue Clemenceau. These show a comparable level to that of the Gallo-Roman domus such as those of Saint-Romain-en-Gal. Large parts of the floor mosaic are organised around a courtyard with a marble fountain. The building dates from the late third century, although parts date from the end of the Hellenistic era or the end of the Roman Republic. Another house paved with porphyry and green stone was excavated between rue des Palmiers and the rue de la Blancherie. The finds at the Antibes Museum of Archaeology suggests the main occupation between the 2nd and 4th century. Finds from the end of the Hellenistic era and the end of the Roman Republic is present on both sites.
Antipolis became the seat of a bishopric in the 5th century.[5] After the disintegration of the Western Roman Empire, various barbarian tribes seized Antibes. This resulted in destruction and a long period of instability. In the 10th century, Antibes found a protector in Seigneur Rodoart, who built extensive fortified walls around the town and a castle in which to live. For the next 200 years, the town experienced a period of renewal. Prosperity was short-lived, as the whole region fell into disarray for several centuries. The inhabitants of Antibes stayed behind their strong city walls as a succession of wars and epidemics ravaged the countryside. In the 1244, Antibes's bishop moved his see to Grasse.[7] By the end of the 15th century, the region was under the protection and control of King Louis XI of France. Relative stability returned, but the small port of Antibes fell into obscurity.
From around the middle of the 19th century the Antibes area regained its popularity, as wealthy people from around Europe discovered its natural environment and built luxurious homes there. It was transferred from its former department of Var to the new one of Alpes Maritimes in 1860.[3] The harbor was again used for a "considerable" fishing industry and the area exported dried fruit, salt fish, and oil.[3]
By the First World War, it had been connected by rail with Nice and most of its fortifications had been demolished to make way for new residential districts.[7] In 1926, the old Château Grimaldi in Antibes was bought by the local municipality and later restored for use as a museum. Pablo Picasso came to the town in 1946, having visited his friend and fellow painter Gerald Murphy and his wife Sara there in 1923, and was invited to stay in the castle. During his six-month stay, Picasso painted and drew, as well as crafting ceramics and tapestries. When he departed, Picasso left a number of his works to the municipality. The castle has since become the Picasso Museum.
On 25 May 1999, the town was the first in the départment to sign the State Environment Charter, which pledges to actively conserve the natural environment.
Sport is an important part of the local culture; the town hosts the National Training Centre for basketball. The Jean Bunoz Sports Hall hosted several games of the FIBA EuroBasket 1999. The city is home to Olympique Antibes, a professional basketball team of France's top division LNB Pro A, which plays its home games at the Azur Arena Antibes.
There is a jazz Festival, Jazz à Juan, in July.
There are 48 beaches along the 25 km (16 miles) of coastline that surround Antibes and Juan les Pins.
The old lighthouse of Antibes provides views from its lofty hilltop. To get here, you must walk about one kilometre up the Chemin de Calvaire from the Plage de la Salis. It makes for a nice half-day stroll.
The central church in Antibes was first built in the 11th century with stones used from earlier Roman structures. Its current façade was constructed in the 18th century and blends Latin classical symmetry and religious fantasy. The interior houses some impressive pieces such as a Baroque altarpiece and life-sized wooden carving of Christ's death from 1447.
This villa, set in "a forest" at the tip of the Cap d'Antibes peninsula, re-creates a nineteenth-century château. Since 1870 the glamorous white-walled Hotel du Cap on the French Riviera has been one of the most storied and luxurious resorts in the world. Guests who flocked there included Marlene Dietrich, the Duke and Duchess of Windsor and Winston Churchill. Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton conducted an affair and honeymooned there.
There are many yachting harbours which provide moorings for a range of ships ranging from fishing vessels to full sized yachts.
The Théâtre Antibea, Théâtre des Heures Bleues and Café Théâtre la Scène sur Mer all offer a variety of performances from orchestra music to dramatic plays. Music of all types, from live jazz to DJs spinning techno, can be found in the bars and nightclubs and there are a number of festivals and special outdoor concerts during the summer. Jazz is still the speciality around here, and the Juan les Pins Jazz Festival is one of the best in the world.
M83 (an electronic band) hails from Antibes.
Antibes and Juan les Pins host a number of festivals, mainly during the summer months. There's not much in the way of traditional cultural festivals in Antibes; most of the festivals focus on music and contemporary activities.
Antibes enjoys a Mediterranean climate.
Climate data for Antibes (France) 1981–2006 averages, extremes 1949–2006 | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 19.8 (67.6) |
24.4 (75.9) |
23.5 (74.3) |
27.0 (80.6) |
31.9 (89.4) |
32.8 (91.0) |
36.4 (97.5) |
36.5 (97.7) |
33.4 (92.1) |
29.4 (84.9) |
24.6 (76.3) |
22.0 (71.6) |
36.5 (97.7) |
Average high °C (°F) | 12.3 (54.1) |
12.8 (55.0) |
15.1 (59.2) |
17.2 (63.0) |
21.5 (70.7) |
25.4 (77.7) |
28.7 (83.7) |
28.8 (83.8) |
25.0 (77.0) |
20.4 (68.7) |
15.9 (60.6) |
13.2 (55.8) |
19.7 (67.5) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 9.0 (48.2) |
9.3 (48.7) |
11.4 (52.5) |
13.4 (56.1) |
17.5 (63.5) |
21.2 (70.2) |
24.3 (75.7) |
24.5 (76.1) |
21.0 (69.8) |
17.0 (62.6) |
12.7 (54.9) |
10.1 (50.2) |
16.0 (60.8) |
Average low °C (°F) | 5.8 (42.4) |
5.9 (42.6) |
7.7 (45.9) |
9.7 (49.5) |
13.6 (56.5) |
17.0 (62.6) |
19.9 (67.8) |
20.2 (68.4) |
17.0 (62.6) |
13.6 (56.5) |
9.5 (49.1) |
6.9 (44.4) |
12.3 (54.1) |
Record low °C (°F) | −6.9 (19.6) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
2.9 (37.2) |
4.8 (40.6) |
8.0 (46.4) |
10.5 (50.9) |
13.0 (55.4) |
7.2 (45.0) |
4.8 (40.6) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 72.1 (2.84) |
47.5 (1.87) |
44.6 (1.76) |
70.3 (2.77) |
49.0 (1.93) |
29.5 (1.16) |
10.4 (0.41) |
25.1 (0.99) |
72.1 (2.84) |
117.0 (4.61) |
104.3 (4.11) |
95.6 (3.76) |
737.5 (29.04) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 6.0 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 7.1 | 5.3 | 3.5 | 1.6 | 2.4 | 4.9 | 7.5 | 7.6 | 6.7 | 62.3 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 74 | 75 | 75 | 76 | 78 | 78 | 76 | 76 | 78 | 77 | 76 | 74 | 76.1 |
Source #1: Météo France[8] | |||||||||||||
Source #2: Infoclimat.fr (humidity 1961–1990)[9] |
The Gare d'Antibes is the railway station serving the town, offering connections to Nice, Cannes, Marseille, Paris and several other destinations. This railway station is in the centre of town. There is another railway station, Juan les Pins. The nearest airport is Nice Côte d'Azur Airport and Cannes Airport.
Antibes is twinned with:
The 2015–16 LNB Pro A season was the 94th season of the LNB Pro A. The season started on October 3, 2015 and ended June 14, 2016.
Monaco and Antibes Sharks were newcomers this season. Limoges CSP was the defending champion. ASVEL took the title, after beating Strasbourg IG 3–2 in the Finals.
Alpes-Maritimes's 7th constituencyThe 7th constituency of Alpes-Maritimes is a French legislative constituency currently represented by Éric Pauget of The Republicans (LR). It contains the town and surrounding areas of Antibes.
Bob MorseRobert "Bob" Morse (born January 4, 1951) is an American former professional basketball player. He was named one of FIBA's 50 Greatest Players in 1991. In 2008, Morse was chosen as one of the 50 most influential personalities in European club basketball, over the previous half-century.
FC AntibesFootball Club Antibes Juan-les-Pins is a French association football team based in Antibes. The team currently plays at an amateur and regional level but was part of Division 1 for 7 seasons, from its beginning in 1932 to 1939.
Isaïa CordinierIsaïa Cordinier (born November 28, 1996) is a French professional basketball player for the Antibes Sharks of the LNB Pro A league. He is a 196 cm (6’5") tall shooting guard.
Juan-les-PinsJuan-les-Pins (French pronunciation: [ʒɥɑ̃ le pɛ̃]; Occitan: Joan dei Pins) is a town and a health resort and spa in the commune of Antibes, in the Alpes-Maritimes, in southeastern France, on the Côte d'Azur. It is situated between Nice and Cannes, 13 kilometres (8 mi) from Nice Côte d'Azur Airport.
It is a major holiday destination popular with the international jet-set, with casino, nightclubs and beaches, which are made of fine grained sand, and are not straight, but instead are cut with small inlets.
LNB Pro AThe LNB Pro A, commonly known as Pro A and for sponsorship reasons named the Jeep Élite, is the top-tier level men's professional basketball league in France. The competition has existed since 1921. Since 1987, the Ligue Nationale de Basket has organized the league. The bottom two placed teams from each season are relegated to the second tier level Pro B. The winner of the play-offs of the Pro A is crowned the French national champion.
LNB Pro BThe LNB Pro B, commonly known as Pro B, is the 2nd-tier level men's professional basketball league in France. It is the second division of the Ligue Nationale de Basket (LNB), which has organized the league since the year 1987. The top two placed teams from each Pro B season are promoted to the top-tier level LNB Pro A. The two last placed teams are relegated to the third level NM1.
Marineland of AntibesThe Marineland of Antibes is a theme park founded in 1970 by Roland de La Poype in Antibes (Alpes-Maritimes), in the French Riviera. On 26 hectares it includes a marine zoological park with dolphinarium, a water park (Aquasplash), a children's play park (Kid's Island), a mini golf (Aventure Golf) and a three-star hotel (Marineland Resort). It is the property of the Spanish multinational company Parques Reunidos, whose majority shareholder is the British investment fund Arle Capital Partners. The actual director is Arnaud Palu.
It is one of the four French dolphinariums and one of the two European dolphinariums presenting orcas. With 1.2 million visitors in 2014, it's the most visited site of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. The zoological park is one of the most visited in France.
Since the 2010s, it is more and more criticised by the opponents to cetacean captivity, which claims that dolphinariums can't assure captivity conditions that fits to the proper needs of those species, leading to a prematurate mortality of individuals.
Mingus at AntibesMingus at Antibes was originally issued by BYG Records under the title Charles Mingus Live With Eric Dolphy in Japan in 1974. It was recorded at a live 1960 performance at the Jazz à Juan festival at Juan-les-Pins by jazz bassist and composer Charles Mingus; and was re-released by Atlantic Records in more complete form as a double album with the title Mingus In Antibes in the United States in 1976.
The album captures a performance at Jazz à Juan, and features some of Mingus's then regular musicians in a generally piano-less quintet, though the band is joined by Bud Powell on "I'll Remember April", and Mingus himself plays some piano on "Wednesday Night Prayer Meeting" and "Better Git Hit in Your Soul".
Musée Picasso (Antibes)See also Château Grimaldi (disambiguation) for other Châteaux of the same name.
The Musée Picasso, formerly the Château Grimaldi at Antibes, is built upon the foundations of the ancient Greek town of Antipolis. Antibes is a resort town in the Alpes-Maritimes department in southeastern France, on the Mediterranean Sea.
Numa AndoireNuma Andoire (19 March 1908 – 2 January 1994) was a French football defender and a manager. He participated at the 1930 FIFA World Cup, but never gained any caps with the French football team.
He played for FC Antibes, OGC Nice, Red Star Olympique, AS Cannes, FC Nancy, Toulouse and FC Antibes again.
He coached FC Antibes, Constantine and OGC Nice. He then retired from football and ran a hostel in Juan-les-Pins. He came back to football with OGC Nice and managed team again from 1962 to 1964.
Olympique AntibesOlympique Antibes Juan-les-Pins Côte d'Azur, or OAJLP, or Antibes Sharks, is a basketball club from the city of Antibes, France. The club's men's senior team currently plays in LNB Pro A, the French first division.
Sophia AntipolisSophia Antipolis is a technology park in France. Much of the park falls within the commune of Valbonne, which lies northwest of Antibes and southwest of Nice, France. Created in 1970–1984, it houses primarily companies in the fields of computing, electronics, pharmacology and biotechnology. Several institutions of higher learning are also located here, along with the European headquarters of W3C and the ETSI. In the early years, one of the main challenges of Sophia Antipolis was to relate people and to create a sense of community. The "Human Factor" is what was to distinguish the Science and Technology Park in the world as a landmark of science, invention, innovation and research. It was to focus on building an international environment, creating an international community. This means taking into account and improving tenant interaction, networking and cross fertilization of ideas. The concept was that bringing together people from different intellectual horizons and "making" them meet, would bring added value and generate innovation. Many professional clubs were thus launched: The Sophia business angels club, the Sophia Nordic link, Art Sophia, Telecom Valley are just a few.
Sophia Antipolis is named after Sophie Glikman-Toumarkine, the wife of French Senator Pierre Laffitte, founder of the park, and incidentally, Sophia, the Greek word for wisdom, and Antipolis, the ancient Greek name of Antibes. Many of the roads within the technology park have Greek names. There is a giant sculptured Greek urn as a centre-piece on one of the roundabouts.
Timothé Luwawu-CabarrotTimothé Luwawu-Cabarrot (born May 9, 1995) is a French professional basketball player for the Chicago Bulls of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was selected with the 24th overall pick by the Philadelphia 76ers in the 2016 NBA draft.
Tyler Harvey (basketball)Tyler Jordon Harvey (born July 17, 1993) is an American professional basketball player for the Memphis Hustle of the NBA G League. He played college basketball for the Eastern Washington Eagles. He primarily plays the point guard and shooting guard positions. Harvey graduated from Bishop Montgomery High School of Torrance, California in 2011. According to Eagles head coach Jim Hayford, Harvey was the player the team was "building their basketball program on" as a sophomore.
Vilmos KohutVilmos "Willy" Kohut (17 July 1906 – 18 February 1986) was a Hungarian footballer. He played as a striker for the Ferencvárosi TC, French team Olympique Marseille and the Hungarian national team. Kohut got 25 caps and 14 goals for the Hungarian national team between 1925 and 1938. He represented his country at the 1938 FIFA World Cup and scored 1 goal in 2 matches.
Will SolomonWilliam James "Will" Solomon (born July 20, 1978) is an American professional basketball player who last played for Shark Antibes of the French League. Standing at 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m), he plays at the point guard and shooting guard positions.
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